A recent study has raised concerns for coffee lovers, especially those who prefer instant coffee. Researchers from China’s Hubei University of Medicine have found a significant connection between the consumption of instant coffee and an increased risk of developing dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of vision loss in older adults.
What Is AMD and why it matters?
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a chronic eye disorder that gradually destroys the macula-the part of the retina responsible for central, detailed vision. It often begins affecting people in their 50s and progresses with age, making everyday tasks like reading or recognising faces increasingly difficult. Although AMD doesn’t cause total blindness, it severely impacts quality of life.
There are two types of AMD:
Dry AMD (Atrophic AMD): The more common type, where the macula thins with age. There is currently no cure.
Wet AMD (Neovascular AMD): Less common but more aggressive, caused by abnormal blood vessel growth. This form is treatable if detected early.
Study links instant coffee with dry AMD risk
The study, published in Food Science & Nutrition, analyzed genetic and health data from over 500,000 individuals in the UK Biobank. It revealed a statistically significant association between regular instant coffee intake and a heightened risk of developing dry AMD.
Lead researcher Siwei Liu noted, “Our results revealed a genetic correlation between instant coffee consumption and dry AMD.” This form of AMD is particularly concerning as it lacks an effective treatment.
Why is instant coffee a potential culprit?
Unlike ground or freshly brewed coffee, instant coffee undergoes a manufacturing process that may introduce harmful substances. Compounds such as acrylamide, oxidized lipids, and certain chemical byproducts formed during the drying and preservation process may contribute to retinal damage over time.
People who have a family history of AMD or are approaching the age of 50 are especially advised to be cautious about their instant coffee intake.
What can you do to protect your vision?
If you’re a coffee drinker, consider switching to ground or freshly brewed coffee, which has not been linked to the same risk. Additionally, maintaining a diet rich in antioxidants, leafy greens, omega-3 fatty acids, and regular eye check-ups can help protect vision.
The National Eye Institute recommends watching for symptoms like blurred vision, difficulty seeing in low light, or trouble focusing as possible early signs of AMD.
According to global estimates, nearly 200 million people are currently affected by AMD, and this number is projected to rise to 290 million by 2040.
While more research is needed to establish causality, this large-scale study suggests that frequent consumption of instant coffee could raise the risk of developing dry AMD, especially among genetically predisposed individuals. For better long-term eye health, opt for healthier brewing methods and stay informed about your family’s eye health history.
